Wiring of starting control segment is debugged
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The dot moves control to pursue 1 it is electromotor of three-phase basket asynchronous dot of one-way direct-on-line starting changes control line way. Main circuit by FU1 of switchgroup QS, fuse, contactor advocate the heating element FR of the KM that touch a head, hot relay and electromotor M composition. Control line road often shuts the FR that touch a head, dot to change KM of pushbutton SB, coil and fuse FU2 composition by what heat up relay. Three-phase power source introduces main circuit by switchgroup QS, relation of power source join is between main circuit and control line road first from main circuit to transformer TC advocate edge winding introduces two-phase power source, next the supply of control power source that by winding of transformer deputy edge derivative two-phase accords with voltage of control line road to ask controls route. Press when pushbutton SB, KM coil electrify, the KM in main circuit advocate touch a head to close (switchgroup QS already closed first) , electromotor M direct-on-line starting runs. The hand is loose when pushbutton SB, pushbutton SB1 falls in return spring action, restore to come disconnect condition, the coil of contactor KM cuts off the power, of the contactor in bringing about main circuit advocate touch a head to disconnect, electromotor M cuts off the power stop turn. This kind presses pushbutton, electromotor starts; Loose pushbutton, report of dynamoelectric act on one's own judgment in an emergency stops the control form that turn to call a dot to move, the dot uses control multi-purpose wait for sudden shift and machine tool to wait for a circumstance to the knife at machine tool tool carrier, beam, pillar. 2.
Successive control pursues 2 it is electromotor direct-on-line starting successive control circuitry. Three-phase power source still is introduced by switchgroup QS, two-phase controls circuit power source to introduce square law to be not drawn elliptically. Graph 2 one-way direct-on-line starting dominate circuit A) main circuit continuously of of B) control circuitry 1) when starting control principle starts, add up to QS, introduce three-phase power source. Press SB2, KM coil electrify, the KM in main circuit advocate touch a head to close, electromotor receives electrify source to start movement directly. Because pushbutton SB2 and Chang Kaifu of a KM aid the paralell connection that touch a head, KM coil once electrify, KM Chang Kaifu is aided touch a head to close, later although SB2 is loose hind restoration disconnects, aid those who touch a head to close through KM Chang Kaifu, KM coil continues to maintain set up an electric circuit, electromotor M moves continuously. Oneself of contactor of this kind of support assists the control means that touch a head and makes its coil maintains set up an electric circuit to call from the lock. Press pushbutton SB1, KM coil cuts off the power, the KM in sending main circuit advocate touch a head to disconnect, electromotor M quits the job, the KM Chang Kaifu in control line road is aided touch a head to disconnect at the same time, a SB1 hind loosens when the hand later, SB1 closes restoration, but KM coil already cannot rely on KM Chang Kaifu to aid the electrify that touch a head, action suspends since pushbutton SB1. 2) FU1 of protective link fuse, FU2 is used at circuit short circuit to protect but cannot remove overload to protect action, because this needs,with hot relay FR realizes overload protection. 3.
The dot uses successive and double control the graph shows each 3 times to control circuit to have a dot to use control and successive pilot double function. Graph 3a) control line moves switch SA to realize a dot to move through the hand in the road with successive pilot switch. SA park " break " the position, pushbutton SB2 is one is nodded use button; SA park " connect " the position, pushbutton SB2 changeover controls pushbutton continuously to start. Graph 3b) control line uses SB3 of pushbutton SB2, compound pushbutton in the road control respectively. Nod what compound pushbutton SB3 passes when moving to often be shut touch a head to disconnect of contactor KM touch a head from the lock, implementation dot is moved. Successive control pushbutton is SB2. In graph 3c) control line road, press pushbutton SB3, of auxiliary relay KA often shut touch a head to disconnect of contactor KM touch a head from the lock, and of KA often open contact to make the dot of coil electrify implementation of contactor KM is moved, with pushbutton SB2 comes true when successive control. The graph moved switch of A) of circuitry of successive and double control to change formal B) to control formal C) auxiliary relay to control a form respectively at 3 o'clock 4.
Much dot controls many a little bit to control circuit to see a picture 4. According to Electromechanical equipment operation number has single person many a little bit control and much person control two kinds of control line routes at many o'clock. 1) the equipment of phone of large scale computer that single person controls single person at many o'clock to operate goes to the lavatory for the operation, constant requirement is in two or two above place can be operated, its control circuit to see graph 4a) , install starting pushbutton in Jiadean respectively SB1 and stop pushbutton SB2, second ground installs SB3, SB4, third ground installs SB5, SB6, in any one ground in armour, second, third, all can pass corresponding starting pushbutton and suspend pushbutton operation. 2) the equipment of phone of large scale computer that much person controls much person at many o'clock many a little bit to operate for safety in operation, ask many handlers issue starting signal, equipment ability starts the work, its control circuit to see graph 4b) . Armour, second, third the SB2 of starting operation pushbutton of 3 ground, SB4 and SB6 must press, the coil ability electrify of contactor KM. The graph controls circuit A) single person many 4 a little bit many a little bit to control circuit B) much person many a little bit to control route 2, of segment of decompression starting control because relatively high capacity (be more than 10kW) basket model asynchronous electromotor starting electric current is bigger, the meeting when starting causes wave motion of voltage of electrified wire netting, because this needs,start the starting electric current in reducing electromotor winding through decompression. Starting method of commonly used decompression has string of resistor decompression to start, astral triangle decompression starts, decompression of the triangle that extend a limit starts reach start from Ou transformer decompression etc. 1.
String together resistor decompression to start a plan 5 it is stator winding string together resistor decompression to start control line journey. When electromotor starts, resistor is strung together in circuit, can make voltage drop of electromotor stator winding small, excise resistor again after starting end, make electromotor moves below rated voltage. Graph 5 stator winding strings together resistor decompression to start A) main circuit B) to control circuit 1) the QS in main circuit of main circuit is power source introduces switch, when contactor KM1 advocate touch a head to close, contactor KM2 advocate when touching a head to disconnect, source current will via FU1 of switchgroup QS, fuse, advocate the KM1 that touch a head, string together the resistor in receiving online grade heating element FR receives R, hot relay the three-phase stator of electromotor M in winding, three-phase stator winding is in decompression to start condition. Conversely, disconnect KM1, KM2 closes, criterion power source passes string of resistor R no longer, in receiving three-phase stator winding directly however, three-phase stator winding is in condition of total pressure movement. 2) of control line road should press SB2, KM1 coil electrify, aid through KM1 Chang Kaifu touch a head to close those who form pair of SB2 from the lock. The KM1 in main circuit advocate touch a head to put through, electromotor enters decompression to start condition. Press coil of the KT when SB2 at the same time electrify, via time of a paragraph of delay time (delay time time comes be close to electromotor the end when rated rotate speed) hind, close when KT Chang Kaiyan touch a head to close, KM2 coil electrify. KM2 coil once electrify, KM1 coil touchs a head to disconnect instantly because of be in the KM2 in spur track to often be shut and cut off the power, main circuit is right now medium KM1 advocate touch a head to disconnect, KM2 advocate touch a head to close, the source current that introduce does not receive the three-phase winding of electromotor directly through stringing together resistor, electromotor switch becomes state of total pressure movement. Stringing together the good point that resistor decompression starts is control line road simple, cost low, movement factor of reliable, power is high. But because string together the electric current when resistor decompression starts to become direct ratio along with stator voltage,drop, starting torsion drops into direct ratio by the square of voltage, and start to want to waste a large number of electric energy every time, apply to a requirement to start only smooth in small size electromotor, and start unfavorable and frequent. 2.
Astral triangle is changed receive decompression to start to be changed with Yu Xing triangle there are 6 terminals in receiving decompression to start winding of stator of three-phase asynchronous electromotor child U1, V1, W1, W2, U2 and V2, see a picture 6. The KM when starting advocate touch head and KM1 advocate touch a head to close, KM2 advocate touch a head to disconnect, wiring terminal W2-U2-V2 interrelates, stator winding of short duration receives astral form, at this moment stator winding phase voltage is electromotor only the 1/ of rated voltage times, electromotor starts. When waiting for electromotor rotate speed to raise fixed cost, change again receive KM advocate touch head and KM2 advocate touch a head to close, KM1 advocate the state that hits a head to disconnect, wiring terminal U1-V2, V1-W2, W1-U2 interrelates, stator winding is changed receive triangularly, electromotor runs normally below rated voltage. Graph triangle of star of 6 stator winding changes sketch map of wiring of winding of the stator that receive A) of join of triangle of C) of join of B) star form 1) the hand is moved change accept starting plan 7 it is astral triangle hand move change receive decompression to start control line journey. When starting, press SB2, dominate set up an electric circuit of coil of the KM in circuit, aid through KM Chang Kaifu touch a head to be locked up oneself, the KM in main circuit advocate touch a head to close, meanwhile KM1 coil also electrify, the KM1 in main circuit advocate touch a head to close, winding of stator of three-phase asynchronous electromotor receives astral form. When waiting for electromotor rotate speed to stabilize, press again SB3, coil of the KM in control line road still electrify, the KM in main circuit advocate touch a head to maintain close; And KM1 coil cuts off the power, the KM1 in main circuit advocate touch a head to disconnect, at the same time KM2 coil electrify, make the KM2 coil in main circuit closes, stator winding is changed receive triangularly. 2) change automatically accept starting plan 8 it is astral triangle is changed automatically receive decompression to start control line journey. Press SB2, KM coil electrify, aid through KM Chang Kaifu touch a head to be locked up oneself, in the meantime, coil of KM1 coil electrify, KT also electrify. The KM in main circuit advocate touch head and KM1 advocate touch a head to close, stator winding join becomes astral entity. Graph 8 stars triangle is changed automatically receive decompression to start control line of circuit A) main circuit B) after delay time of coil of road KT arrives, close when KT Chang Kaiyan auxiliary touch a head to close, KM2 coil electrify, aid through KM2 Chang Kaifu touch a head to form from the lock. Meanwhile, because KM1 coil is in the KT in spur track to often shut delay time to disconnect to touch a head to disconnect and cut off the power, KM coil maintains set up an electric circuit. Afore-mentioned KM1 in bringing about main circuit as a result advocate touch a head to disconnect, KM advocate touch head and KM2 advocate touch a head to close, stator winding is changed automatically receive triangularly. Astral triangle is changed when receiving decompression to start an advantage to depend on form of stator winding star receiving a standard, starting voltage receives the 1/ of the law for the triangle, starting electric current receives the 1/3 of the law for the triangle, character of starting electric current is good, circuit is simpler. Defect is the 1/3 that starting torsion drops to receive a standard for the triangle, torsion character is wrong. 3.
The triangle that extend a limit is changed receive decompression to start 1) the triangle that extend a limit changes the three-phase asynchronous electromotor that receives a principle to start with decompression of the triangle side Yu Yan there are 9 terminals in stator winding child U1, V1, W1, W2, U2, V2, see a picture 9. When KM2 advocate touch head and KM1 advocate touch a head to close, KM3 advocate when touching a head to disconnect, w2-U3, U2-V3, V2-W3 interrelates, u1 of classics of three-phase power source, V1, W1 is received, stator winding receives a triangle that extend a limit, electromotor decompression starts. To extending the starting line of edge triangle connection, all sorts of shares that extend a limit are full several N1 and inside the phase voltage of winding of the stator when comparing of N2 of triangular v/LIT all over the ground number and Ist of starting electric current see a table 1. Electromotor rotate speed rises to when be close to rating, control KM2 advocate touch head and KM3 advocate touch a head to close, KM1 advocate touch a head to disconnect, at this moment U1-W2, V1-U2, W1-V2 interrelates, stator winding is changed receive triangularly connection, electromotor runs normally below rated voltage. The starting character that edge triangle delays when expressing 1 different take a percentage of a deal to compare phase voltage of winding of N1/N2 every photograph (V)Ist/IN0.
52903.
6~4.
212643~3.
522302.
6~3.
1 graph 9 stator winding delays edge triangle and triangle to change sketch map of wiring of winding of the stator that receive A) B) delays of join of triangle of C) of edge triangle join 2) the triangle that extend a limit is changed receive decompression to start circuit the graph is shown 10 times is the triangle that extend a limit change receive decompression to start control line journey. Press SB2, coil KM1 and coil KM2 electrify, coil KM3 cuts off the power; The KM1 in bringing about main circuit advocate touch head and KM2 advocate touch a head to close, KM3 advocate touch a head to disconnect, stator winding of short duration receives the triangle that extend a limit, electromotor decompression starts. Graph control line road of main circuit B) of A) of starting circuitry of decompression of the 10 triangles that extend a limit presses SB2 while KT coil also electrify, through a paragraph of delay time, because KM1 coil is in the KT in spur track to often shut delay time to disconnect auxiliary touch a head to disconnect and cut off the power, make main circuit medium KM1 advocate touch a head to disconnect; Because KM3 coil closes when the KT Chang Kaiyan in place spur track auxiliary touch a head to close and electrify, the KM3 in bringing about main circuit advocate touch a head to close; And KM2 advocate touch a head to maintain from beginning to end close, stator winding is changed receive triangularly, electromotor enters a working order. The triangle that extend a limit is changed receive decompression to start torsion to be more than astral triangle to change receive decompression to start torsion, and torsion can be inside certain limits choose, hold <> concurrently provided astral triangle to change receive the merit with starting little electric current, also do not need to start facility technically at the same time, the structure is relatively simple. Defect is electromotor derivative line is much, production take time. 4.
In starting to start a process from Ou transformer decompression from Ou transformer decompression, electromotor starts electric current via be being restricted from Ou transformer step-down first when start, excise again when rotate speed is close to rated rotate speed from Ou transformer, electromotor turns into condition of total pressure movement. 1) from Ou transformer decompression starting circuitry pursues the switch control in two contactor KM1, KM2 was being used to come true to start a process from Ou transformer decompression in the control line road of 11. Graph 11 contactor control starts control line road of circuit A) main circuit B) to press from Ou transformer decompression SB2, KM1 coil electrify, aid through KM1 Chang Kaifu touch a head to undertake be lockinged up oneself, the KM1 in main circuit advocate touch a head to close, KM2 advocate touch a head to disconnect, KM2 often is shut auxiliary touch a head to maintain close, the tension that stator winding gets is the U2 of 2 side voltage from Ou transformer. As a result of from K=U1/U2>1 of Ou transformer transformation ratio (U2, from Ou transformer side voltage) , reason U2= U1/K, electromotor decompression starts. According to electromotor principle, when voltage drop is U1/K, the starting electric current that electrified wire netting furnishs is reduced to I1/K2 (I1, electric current of supply of electrified wire netting) , torsion also falls to M1/ K2 (M1, the torsion when direct-on-line starting) , start from Ou transformer decompression so commonly used start at carry for nothing or carrying gently. Press SB2 while KT coil also electrify, after passing a paragraph of delay time, electromotor rotate speed rises to adjacent and rated rotate speed, because KA coil closes when the KT Chang Kaiyan in place spur track auxiliary touch a head to close and electrify, aid through KA Chang Kaifu touch a head to be locked up oneself, KM1 coil is assisted because of be in the KM2 in spur track to often be shut touch a head to disconnect and cut off the power, because KM2 coil is in the KA Chang Kaifu in spur track to aid those who touch a head to close and electrify, the KM1 in bringing about main circuit advocate touch a head to disconnect, KM2 advocate touch a head to close, stator winding gets rated voltage U1, electromotor is in condition of total pressure movement. 2) from starter of Ou transformer decompression starter of series of QJ is one kind is used at electromotor to start, stop, invert wait for pilot electric equipment, its model tags type to be QJ10D- , among them QJ is decompression starter code name, 10 it is design serial number, d is to improve design code name. Pane place is rated power value (KW) . Hand of type of QJ10D series air is moved from starter of Ou transformer decompression main technique parameter sees a table 2. Starter of series of watch 2 QJ10D is main technical parameter (UN=380V) controallable electromotor power (KW) 111518.
5223037455575 electromotor are rated electric current (A)24.
631.
437.
6435871.
885.
2105142 overload protection makes calm electricity (A)24.
631.
437.
6435871.
885.
2105142 the greatest starting time (S)304060 under-voltage is taken off pull characteristic movement voltage>75% rated voltage, release voloage<35% rated voltage pursue 12 it is the hand is moved start control line journey from Ou starter decompression, when switch QS closes, HL3 of power source indicator light is bright. Press SB2, KM1 coil electrify, the KM1 in main circuit advocate touch head and KM1 Chang Kaifu to aid touch a head to close, KM2 advocate touch a head to disconnect, electromotor classics starts from Ou transformer decompression, because indicator light HL2 is in the KM1 Chang Kaifu in spur track to aid,touch a head to close, HL3 is bright. Series of graph 12 QJ starts circuit A) main circuit B) to dominate set up an electric circuit of coil of circuit KM1 from Ou starter decompression at the same time, KT coil also electrify. Delay time after period of time, because KA coil closes when the KT Chang Kaiyan in place spur track auxiliary touch a head to close and electrify, aid through KA Chang Kaifu touch a head to be locked up oneself; KM1 coil is assisted because of be in the KA in spur track to often be shut touch a head to disconnect and cut off the power; The KM1 that KM1 coil cuts off the power to make spur track of KM2 coil place medium again often is shut auxiliary touch a head to close, because the KA Chang Kaifu in this spur track is aided,touch a head to be in close condition, bring about KM2 coil electrify. The switch in main circuit becomes KM1 advocate touch head and KM1 Chang Kaifu to aid touch a head to disconnect, KM2 advocate touch a head to close, electromotor was excised from Ou transformer, turn into condition of total pressure movement. In process of total pressure movement, the KM2 Chang Kaifu of HL1 place spur track is aided touch a head to close, lamp HL1 is bright. And the KM1 Chang Kaifu in HL2 place spur track is aided touch a head to disconnect, so lamp HL2 destroys. The place on put together is narrated, HL1 is the indicator light of decompression starting process, HL2 is the indicator light of process of total pressure movement, and HL3 is electrify indicator light. 2 times from Ou transformer side winding has 65% , 73% , 85% , 100% wait for tap, can obtain 42%M1, 53% M1, 72% M1, 100% M1 (M1, the torsion when direct-on-line starting) starting torsion, use agile, convenient, it is decompression of a kind of commonly used three-phase asynchronous electromotor starting equipment. In starting a process from Ou transformer decompression, starting electric current and the ratio of starting torsion are pressed change compared square is reduced, in obtain circumstance of identical starting torsion to fall, use the electric current that starts to be obtained from inside electrified wire netting from Ou transformer decompression to start than resistor decompression small much, small to concussion of electric current of electrified wire netting, power loss is small. Defect is from Ou transformer price tall, volume is large, do not allow to be operated often. 3, the control logic that working job narrates starting control segment, design starts operating ring red-letter day wiring and debug experimental program (choose) . Information: The control logic that narrates starting control segment is decision-making: The line of starting control segment with specific choice (choose) plan: Wiring of segment of design starting control and debug experimental program (choose) carry out: The lab finishs starting operating ring section wiring and debug (choose) examination: The validity of wiring of the microscope before electrify (choose) evaluate: The teacher is evaluated in group (choose) CNC Milling